Science GK Questions and Answers
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In this one, we are brainstorming with science GK questions and answers.
Science GK questions and answers? This is going to start with basic questions. Later on, we jump into intermediate and then advanced questions
Here you’ll find basic, intermediate, and advanced science GK questions that help in exams, interviews, and general awareness tests.
These science general knowledge questions cover physics, chemistry, biology, and space science — perfect for students and learners who want to stay sharp.
Basic Science GK Questions and Answers
1. What is the chemical symbol of water?
Answer: H₂O
Explanation: Water is made of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.
2. Which planet is known as the Red Planet?
Answer: Mars
Explanation: Mars appears red due to iron oxide (rust) on its surface.
3. What gas do plants release during photosynthesis?
Answer: Oxygen
Explanation: Plants convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen using sunlight.
4. Which is the largest organ in the human body?
Answer: Skin
Explanation: Skin protects internal organs and regulates body temperature.
5. What is the main source of energy for Earth?
Answer: The Sun
Explanation: The Sun provides solar energy that drives weather, photosynthesis, and life.
6. What is the boiling point of water at sea level?
Answer: 100°C
Explanation: At standard pressure, water boils at 100°C (212°F).
7. Which part of the plant conducts photosynthesis?
Answer: Leaves
Explanation: Chlorophyll in leaves captures sunlight to produce food.
8. Which gas do humans exhale during respiration?
Answer: Carbon dioxide
Explanation: The human body releases CO₂ as a waste product of metabolism.
9. What is the unit of electric current?
Answer: Ampere
Explanation: Ampere (A) measures the flow of electric charge.
10. What planet is closest to the Sun?
Answer: Mercury
Explanation: Mercury completes one orbit around the Sun in just 88 days.
11. What is the largest planet in our solar system?
Answer: Jupiter
Explanation: Jupiter is the biggest planet, with a diameter of about 142,984 km (88,846 miles).
12. Which part of the plant absorbs water and minerals?
Answer: Roots
Explanation: Roots take up water and nutrients from the soil to support plant growth.
13. What is the main gas used by plants to make food?
Answer: Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
Explanation: Plants use carbon dioxide during photosynthesis to make glucose.
14. What is the process of changing water into vapour called?
Answer: Evaporation
Explanation: When heat is applied, water molecules escape into the air as vapour.
15. Which device is used to measure temperature?
Answer: Thermometer
💡 Explanation: A thermometer uses mercury or digital sensors to show temperature.
Also Read: 50 must-know GK questions with answers
Intermediate Science GK Questions and Answers in English
1. What part of the human brain controls balance and coordination?
Answer: Cerebellum
Explanation: The cerebellum helps maintain posture and movement accuracy.
2. Which vitamin is produced when the skin is exposed to sunlight?
Answer: Vitamin D
Explanation: Sunlight triggers the production of Vitamin D in the skin.
3. What is the hardest natural substance on Earth?
Answer: Diamond
Explanation: Diamonds are made of carbon atoms arranged in a strong lattice structure.
4. What is the main gas found in the Earth’s atmosphere?
Answer: Nitrogen
Explanation: About 78% of Earth’s atmosphere is nitrogen & oxygen, making up most of the rest (about 21%).
5. Which planet has the most moons?
Answer: Jupiter
Explanation: Jupiter currently has over 90 confirmed moons. As of April 2025, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) officially recognizes 97 moons.
6. What is the chemical symbol for Sodium?
Answer: Na
Explanation: Derived from the Latin name ‘Natrium’.
7. Which blood cells help in clotting?
Answer: Platelets
Explanation: Platelets clump together to form clots and stop bleeding. Platelets, also called thrombocytes, are tiny cell fragments in the blood whose primary function is to stop bleeding (hemostasis) if a blood vessel is damaged.
8. What is the speed of light?
Answer: 3 × 10⁸ m/s (approximately 300,000 km/s)
Explanation: Light travels faster than anything else in the universe.
9. Who proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection?
Answer: Charles Darwin
Explanation: His book “On the Origin of Species” explained how species evolve over time.
10. What is the pH value of pure water?
Answer: 7
Explanation: pH 7 indicates a neutral substance (neither acidic nor basic). A pH less than 7 is acidic, and a pH greater than 7 is basic or alkaline.
11. What is the human body’s main organ for filtering blood?
Answer: Kidneys
Explanation: The kidneys remove waste and extra fluid from the blood to form urine.
12. What is the scientific name of the human heart’s pacemaker?
Answer: Sinoatrial Node (SA Node)
Explanation: The SA node regulates the heartbeat by generating electrical impulses. The SA node is referred to as the heart’s natural pacemaker.
13. What is the chemical symbol for Iron?
Answer: Fe
Explanation: The symbol ‘Fe’ comes from the Latin word Ferrum for iron.
14. Which planet is known as the “Morning Star” or “Evening Star”?
Answer: Venus
Explanation: Venus appears bright in the sky just before sunrise or after sunset.
15. What is the process by which ice changes directly into vapour?
Answer: Sublimation
Explanation: Sublimation occurs when a solid turns directly into a gas without melting.
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Advanced Science General Knowledge Questions with Answers
1. What is the most abundant element in the universe?
Answer: Hydrogen
Explanation: Hydrogen makes up about 75% of all normal matter in the universe.
2. What is the principle behind a laser?
Answer: Stimulated Emission of Radiation
Explanation: Laser stands for “Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation.”
3. Who discovered the neutron?
Answer: James Chadwick
Explanation: Discovered in 1932, neutrons are neutral particles in atomic nuclei.
4. What is the unit of measuring frequency?
Answer: Hertz (Hz)
Explanation: One hertz equals one cycle per second.
5. What causes the Aurora Borealis (Northern Lights)?
Answer: Interaction of solar wind with Earth’s magnetic field
Explanation: Charged particles collide with atmospheric gases, producing colourful lights.
6. What type of bond holds water molecules together?
Answer: Hydrogen bond
Explanation: Weak attraction between hydrogen and oxygen atoms in nearby molecules is called a hydrogen bond.
7. What is the main function of mitochondria in a cell?
Answer: To produce energy (ATP)
Explanation: Known as the “powerhouse of the cell.”
8. Who developed the periodic table?
Answer: Dmitri Mendeleev
9. What is the smallest particle of an element that retains its properties?
Answer: Atom
Explanation: Atoms combine to form molecules.
10. What is quantum mechanics used to study?
Answer: Behaviour of particles at the atomic and subatomic levels
Explanation: It explains phenomena that classical physics cannot.
11. What is the branch of science that studies earthquakes called?
Answer: Seismology
Explanation: Seismology deals with seismic waves and the movement of Earth’s crust.
12. What is the phenomenon where light bends when it passes through different mediums?
Answer: Refraction
Explanation: Refraction occurs when light changes direction due to a change in speed.
13. Who discovered the law of planetary motion?
Answer: Johannes Kepler
💡 Explanation: Kepler’s laws explain how planets orbit the Sun in elliptical paths.
14. What type of electromagnetic waves are used in radar systems?
Answer: Microwaves
💡 Explanation: Microwaves can detect objects and measure distances in radar technology.
15. Which theory explains the origin of the universe?
Answer: The Big Bang Theory
💡 Explanation: It states that the universe began about 13.8 billion years ago from a massive explosion.
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